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**TECHNOLOGY**
XV. Technical infrastructure
##### R15. The repository functions on well-supported operating systems and other core infrastructural software and is using hardware and software technologies appropriate to the services it provides to its Designated Community.
The basic technical structure of TETHYS corresponds to a client/server architecture with a number of clients and middleware components controlling the information flow and quality. On the server side a RDBMS (PostgreSQL) is used for information storage. For better performance high volume and binary data (e.g. geophysics, pictures) are stored in consistent formats on hard disk arrays. All public interfaces to the information system are standards conform (W3C, ISO, OGC) and are based on web services. Metadata are dynamically marshalled from the RDB to a TETHYS specific metadata format, and transformed (XSLT, XML to JSON transform) by the frontend to various content standards (DataCite XML, Dublin Core XML, but also more community specific ones like ISO19115/ISO19139, Darwin Core). They are disseminated via OAI-PMH (https://tethys.at/oai), HTTP content negotiation (based on DOI standards), or other protocols. The Tethys ticket system used for data submissions, general user requests, or bug reports is Gitea, hostet on Geosphere.at (https://gitea.geologie.ac.at/geolba/tethys.backend/issues).
All basic hard- and software services are supplied by the computer center of the „GeoSphere Austria“. Most backend/middleware systems and all front end web servers / search engine are running on virtual machines (VMware), supplying sufficient capacity and performance, as well as high availability due to virtualization. The Postgres backend database is running on a dedicated machine supplied with a high performance IO system. Machines are operated with Linux systems (Ubuntu). The editorial system is running as a client/server system on a Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (VMware).
Hardware is generally renewed every 3-4 years, which is transparent to the system because of virtualization. Operating systems are regularly updated to the latest releases and patches. The central archival storage system replicates up to 65 TB of data into two robotic tape archives ?(TYP)?, which are located in separate buildings. The backup facilities work on high capacity Linear Tape Open LTO-tape drives and media installed in this ?TYP? environment. The IT has support contracts for all relevant hard- and non-open-source software products with ?5 days business hours response, part replacement 1 day?. Proper functioning of Tethys related systems, applications, services, and processes is also ensured by usage of a professional monitoring software like ICINGA for IT infrastructure.
General descriptions of used systems and software are supplied within our Wiki ?(GiteaWiki, https://gitea.geologie.ac.at/geolba/tethys.backend/wiki/?_Page)?, which is currently under revision. A second Wiki (https://gitea.geologie.ac.at/geolba/tethys.intern/wiki) is operated separately from the other Gitea infrastructure for disaster safety and recovery containing internal information about servers, installation, maintenance and relationships. The technical Wiki also covers instructions for running own services, databases, and topics like VM snapshots and backup.