- laravel framework upgrade frpm 7.x to 8. see also: https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/upgrade#assert-exact-json-method

- use  PHP7 null coalesce operator instead of laravel optional method
- change Breadcrumbs::register method to Bredcrumbs::for method
- composer updates

app/Http/Middleware/TrustProxies.php

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies as Middleware;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class TrustProxies extends Middleware
+{
+    /**
+     * The trusted proxies for this application.
+     *
+     * @var array<int, string>|string|null
+     */
+    protected $proxies;
+
+    /**
+     * The headers that should be used to detect proxies.
+     *
+     * @var int
+     */
+    protected $headers =
+        Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_FOR |
+        Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_HOST |
+        Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_PORT |
+        Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_PROTO |
+        Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_AWS_ELB;
+}