- laravel framework upgrade frpm 7.x to 8. see also: https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/upgrade#assert-exact-json-method

- use  PHP7 null coalesce operator instead of laravel optional method
- change Breadcrumbs::register method to Bredcrumbs::for method
- composer updates

app/Providers/AuthServiceProvider.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Providers;
 
-use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
+// use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\AuthServiceProvider as ServiceProvider;
 
 class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider