- laravel framework upgrade frpm 7.x to 8. see also: https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/upgrade#assert-exact-json-method

- use  PHP7 null coalesce operator instead of laravel optional method
- change Breadcrumbs::register method to Bredcrumbs::for method
- composer updates

public/index.php

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 <?php
+
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 /**
  * Laravel - A PHP Framework For Web Artisans
  *
@@ -18,7 +21,25 @@
 |
 */
 
-require __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/autoload.php';
+define('LARAVEL_START', microtime(true));
+
+/*
+|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+| Check If The Application Is Under Maintenance
+|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+|
+| If the application is in maintenance / demo mode via the "down" command
+| we will load this file so that any pre-rendered content can be shown
+| instead of starting the framework, which could cause an exception.
+|
+*/
+
+if (file_exists($maintenance = __DIR__.'/../storage/framework/maintenance.php')) {
+    require $maintenance;
+}
+
+// require __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/autoload.php';
+require __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';
 
 /*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -46,12 +67,12 @@ $app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php';
 |
 */
 
-$kernel = $app->make('Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel');
+// $kernel = $app->make('Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel');
+$kernel = $app->make(Kernel::class);
 
 $response = $kernel->handle(
-    $request = Illuminate\Http\Request::capture()
-);
-
-$response->send();
+    $request = Request::capture()
+)->send();
+// $response->send();
 
 $kernel->terminate($request, $response);