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Die geologische Zeitskala, auch stratigraphische Tabelle, zeigt die Abfolge der Perioden und Epochen in der Geschichte der Erde. © Geosphere Austria
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Karbon
< / span > < / h1 > < h2 > Palä ozoikum < / h2 > < / div >
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< div id = "c11710" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-image frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-custom-5 frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "1" data-ce-images = "1" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/03_Karbon/welt_karbon.jpg" title = "Im Karbon (ca. 340 Millionen Jahre) sind alle wesentlichen geologischen Baueinheiten Österreichs Teil von Laurussia. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Im Karbon (ca. 340 Millionen Jahre) sind alle wesentlichen geologischen Baueinheiten Österreichs Teil von Laurussia. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11710" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Erde im Karbon" alt = "Paläoglobus" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/b/5/csm_welt_karbon_0b7b6e9ba6.jpg" width = "600" height = "452" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Im Karbon (ca. 340 Millionen Jahre) sind alle wesentlichen geologischen Baueinheiten Ö sterreichs Teil von Laurussia. © Geosphere Austria
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< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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< div id = "c11709" class = "frame frame-custom-100 frame-type-image frame-layout-1 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "4" data-ce-images = "4" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/03_Karbon/trilobit.jpg" title = "Trilobitenrest, Schwanzst & uuml ; ck und K & ouml ; rper , in einem Sandstein aus dem sp & auml ; ten Karbon des S & uuml ; dalpins der Karnischen Alpen ( K ) ( Bildbreite: 6 mm ) . & copy ; Geosphere Austria
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" rel="lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class="jnlightbox" data-caption="Trilobitenrest, Schwanzstü ck und Kö rper, in einem Sandstein aus dem spä ten Karbon des Sü dalpins der Karnischen Alpen (K) (Bildbreite: 6 mm). © Geosphere Austria
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" data-lightbox="lightbox-11709">< img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Trilobit" alt = "Fossil" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/0/4/csm_trilobit_bf65aea366.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
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Trilobitenrest, Schwanzstü ck und Kö rper, in einem Sandstein aus dem spä ten Karbon des Sü dalpins der Karnischen Alpen (K) (Bildbreite: 6 mm). © Geosphere Austria< br > < br > < br > < / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/03_Karbon/moostierchenkolonie.jpg" title = "Abdruck einer Moostierchenkolonie in einem Kalk aus dem späten Karbon des Südalpins der Karnischen Alpen (K) (Bildbreite: 4 cm). © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Abdruck einer Moostierchenkolonie in einem Kalk aus dem späten Karbon des Südalpins der Karnischen Alpen (K) (Bildbreite: 4 cm). © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11709" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Moostierchen" alt = "Fossil" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/2/7/csm_moostierchenkolonie_d969aafa98.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Abdruck einer Moostierchenkolonie in einem Kalk aus dem spä ten Karbon des Sü dalpins der Karnischen Alpen (K) (Bildbreite: 4 cm). © Geosphere Austria
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/03_Karbon/farnblatt.jpg" title = "Graphitschiefer aus dem Maurertal (T) mit Abdruck eines Farnblattes (Größe: 3 cm) aus dem späten Karbon. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Graphitschiefer aus dem Maurertal (T) mit Abdruck eines Farnblattes (Größe: 3 cm) aus dem späten Karbon. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11709" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Graphitschiefer" alt = "Fossil" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/6/f/csm_farnblatt_92abcf7cbb.jpg" width = "142" height = "109" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Graphitschiefer aus dem Maurertal (T) mit Abdruck eines Farnblattes (Grö ß e: 3 cm) aus dem spä ten Karbon. © Geosphere Austria
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/03_Karbon/granulitmetamorphit.jpg" title = "Rötliche Granatkristalle (1 mm) charakterisieren die Granulite des Moldanubikums (NÖ), die in etwa 55 km Tiefe entstanden. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Rötliche Granatkristalle (1 mm) charakterisieren die Granulite des Moldanubikums (NÖ), die in etwa 55 km Tiefe entstanden. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11709" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Granulit " alt = "Gestein" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/f/4/csm_granulitmetamorphit_36b34f103a.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Rö tliche Granatkristalle (1 mm) charakterisieren die Granulite des Moldanubikums (NÖ ), die in etwa 55 km Tiefe entstanden. © Geosphere Austria
2025-02-12 13:28:47 +01:00
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< div id = "c16693" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h3 > Superkontinent Pangä a< / h3 > < p > Nach der Schließ ung des Rheischen Ozeans wurde auch der westliche Teil des Palä otethys-Ozeans geschlossen. Dadurch waren ab etwa 300 Millionen Jahren vor heute mehr oder weniger alle groß en Kontinentmassen der Erde zum Superkontinent Pangä a vereint, der das Antlitz der Erde fü r die folgenden 100 Millionen Jahre prä gen sollte. Die verbliebenen Teile des Palä otethys-Ozeans bildeten ab diesem Zeitpunkt eine Bucht, die sich entlang des Ä quators von Osten her in Pangä a erstreckte.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c11706" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h3 > Variszische Gebirgsbildung am Ä quator< / h3 > < p > Die auf die Schließ ung der ozeanischen Bereiche folgenden Kontinentkollisionen fü hrten zur Bildung des variszischen Gebirges, welches sich ü ber tausende Kilometer quer ü ber Pangä a erstreckte. Die eingeebneten Reste dieses Gebirges findet man heute in Mittel- und Westeuropa, in Nordwestafrika und Nordamerika. Auch die kontinentalen Krustenstü cke der heutigen Bö hmischen Masse und der Alpen lagen darin vereint. Manche wie das Moldanubikum und Subpenninikum bildeten tief versenkte, zentrale Anteile des Gebirges, andere wie das Moravikum, Sü dalpin und Teile des Ostalpins waren eher Vorberge an dessen sü dö stlichem Rand, nahe der Kü ste zum Tethys-Ozean.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16704" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Die eingeebneten Reste dieses Gebirges findet man heute in Mittel- und Westeuropa, in Nordwestafrika und Nordamerika. Auch die kontinentalen Krustenstü cke der heutigen Bö hmischen Masse und der Alpen lagen darin vereint. Manche wie das Moldanubikum und Subpenninikum bildeten tief versenkte, zentrale Anteile des Gebirges, andere wie das Moravikum, Sü dalpin und Teile des Ostalpins waren eher Vorberge an dessen sü dö stlichem Rand, nahe der Kü ste zum Tethys-Ozean.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16702" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > In den Tieflä ndern rund um das Gebirge herrschten tropisches Klima und ideale Bedingungen fü r eine ü ppige Flora mit bis zu 40 m hohen Bä umen (Lepidodendron und Sigillaria). Aus diesen Wä ldern entstanden die groß en Steinkohlevorkommen wie zum Beispiel jene im Ruhrgebiet, in England oder in Polen.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16690" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > In den Gesteinseinheiten Ö sterreichs ist das Variszische Ereignis gut dokumentiert: Von den Subduktionsereignissen zeugen etwa 360 Millionen Jahre alte Eklogite, zum Beispiel aus den Ö tztaler Alpen, die aus tief versenkten Basaltgesteinen hervorgegangen sind. Auch die Granulite des Moldanubikums sind in etwa 55 km Tiefe entstanden. Im Zuge gewaltiger Deckenbewegungen wurden diese Gesteine aus dem zentralen Teil des Gebirges gegen die Erdoberflä che herausgequetscht und ü ber schwä cher metamorphe Gesteinseinheiten in den Randgebieten ü berschoben.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16691" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Wä hrenddessen kam es zwischen 350 und 310 Millionen Jahren vor heute mehrmals zur Bildung von Schmelzen im Erdmantel und in der Kruste. Aus diesen kristallisierten zahlreiche Granite. Diese finden sich im Moldanubikum der Bö hmischen Masse, aber auch im Subpenninikum und Ostalpin in den Alpen.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16692" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-20" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Schon im spä ten < a href = "../service/glossar/glossar-k.html#c13228" title = "Im neuen Fenster: Glossar" target = "_blank" class = "internal-link" > < span class = "link-prefix" > » < / span > Karbon< / a > kam es zum Abbau des Gebirgsreliefs durch Dehnung der Kruste und massive Erosion. Zwischen den Gebirgsrü cken und vor allem im Vorland des Gebirges entstanden Becken, die mit dem Abtragungsschutt der Berge gefü llt wurden und in denen es stellenweise zur Bildung von Kohle kam. Diese wurde im Brennergebiet (Tirol) und auf der Stangalpe in den Nockbergen (Kä rnten) abgebaut.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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