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Blick vom Mü hlviertel (OÖ ) nach Sü den ü ber das Alpenvorland, zu den Voralpen und den Nö rdlichen Kalkalpen. © Geosphere Austria
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< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h2 > Geografische Koordinaten< / h2 > < p > Im Herzen Mitteleuropas gelegen bedeckt unser Land eine Flä che von 83.879 km2. Das Staatsgebiet erstreckt sich zwischen Bodensee und Neusiedler See ü ber eine Lä nge von rund 550 km, in Nord – Sü d-Richtung erreicht es bis zu 300 km.
< / p > < p > Ö sterreich vereinigt drei vö llig unterschiedliche Landschaftstypen: Im Norden des Landes ist die Mittelgebirgslandschaft des Wald- und Mü hlviertels durch Hochflä chen und sanfte Hü gel charakterisiert. Sü dlich und ö stlich davon liegen Beckenlandschaften und weite Talfluren, die von der Donau und ihren Zuflü ssen entwä ssert werden. Der grö ß te Teil Ö sterreichs aber wird von den gebirgigen Ostalpen mit dem Groß glockner als hö chstem Berg (3798 m) eingenommen.
< / p > < p > Ö sterreich wird wesentlich durch seine Lage in und an den Alpen bestimmt. Aus geologischer Sicht treffen hier zwei Welten aufeinander, denn die Alpen stellen – vereinfacht ausgedrü ckt – die Knautschzone zwischen Afrika und Europa dar.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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Sonniges Grenzgebirge
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Die Sü dalpen
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< div id = "c9354" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-image frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-custom-5 frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "1" data-ce-images = "1" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/01_OEsterreichs_Landschaften/06_Suedalpen/seekopf_bigengebirge.jpg" title = "Der markante Seekopf (2554 m) in den Karnischen Alpen (K) mit dem Wolayer See liegt im Grenzgebiet von Österreich und Italien. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Der markante Seekopf (2554 m) in den Karnischen Alpen (K) mit dem Wolayer See liegt im Grenzgebiet von Österreich und Italien. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-9354" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Seekopf" alt = "Berglandschaft" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/5/f/csm_seekopf_bigengebirge_7dfeba951c.jpg" width = "600" height = "452" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Der markante Seekopf (2554 m) in den Karnischen Alpen (K) mit dem Wolayer See liegt im Grenzgebiet von Ö sterreich und Italien. © Geosphere Austria
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< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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< div id = "c9353" class = "frame frame-custom-100 frame-type-image frame-layout-1 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "2" data-ce-images = "2" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/6/d/csm_kellerwand_valentintoerl_a593c19561.jpg" title = "Die Kellerwand (2775 m, K) gehört zu den eindrucksvollsten Bergen der Karnischen Alpen. © Hans Peter Schönlaub" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Die Kellerwand (2775 m, K) gehört zu den eindrucksvollsten Bergen der Karnischen Alpen. © Hans Peter Schönlaub" data-lightbox = "lightbox-9353" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Kellerwand" alt = "Berglandschaft" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/6/d/csm_kellerwand_valentintoerl_9be25f3bcd.jpg" width = "295" height = "111" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Die Kellerwand (2775 m, K) gehö rt zu den eindrucksvollsten Bergen der Karnischen Alpen. © Hans Peter Schö nlaub
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/e/f/csm_mauthener_alm_gailtal_f7efcbdbb5.jpg" title = "Blick von der Mauthener Alm (K) nach Norden ins Gailtal, wo die Periadriatische-Störung (K) verläuft. © Hans Peter Schönlaub" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Blick von der Mauthener Alm (K) nach Norden ins Gailtal, wo die Periadriatische-Störung (K) verläuft. © Hans Peter Schönlaub" data-lightbox = "lightbox-9353" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Panoramablick" alt = "Berglandschaft" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/e/f/csm_mauthener_alm_gailtal_f01fe63393.jpg" width = "295" height = "111" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Blick von der Mauthener Alm (K) nach Norden ins Gailtal, wo die Periadriatische-Stö rung (K) verlä uft. © Hans Peter Schö nlaub
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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< div id = "c9351" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Sü dlich der markanten Talfurchen des Gail- und unteren Drautales liegen die Karnischen Alpen und die Karawanken, die bereits zu den Sü dalpen gehö ren. Die beiden Gebirgszü ge bilden den Grenzkamm Ö sterreichs zu Italien und Slowenien und sind durch das tiefe Tal der Gailitz unterbrochen. Nur an wenigen Stellen queren Passstraß en: In den Karnischen Alpen sind es der Plö ckenpass (1357 m) und das Nassfeld (1530 m), in den Karawanken der Wurzen- (1073 m) und Loiblpass (1367 m) sowie der Seebergsattel (1215 m).< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16606" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Gleichzeitig trennen die Grenzkä mme die Einzugsgebiete der Drau im Norden von denen der Piave, des Tagliamento und der Save im Sü den. Die Karnischen Alpen markieren hierbei fast durchgehend die Wasserscheide zwischen dem Schwarzen Meer und der Adria.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16607" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Vor allem Kalk und Dolomit, wie auch Schiefer und Konglomerate bauen diese Gebirgszü ge auf. Deren schroffe Gipfel erreichen weit ü ber 2000 m, so etwa der Hochstuhl (2237 m) in den Karawanken und die Hohe Warte (2780 m) in den Karnischen Alpen. Das Eiskar im Kellerwandmassiv der Karnischen Alpen stellt den sü dlichsten Gletscher Ö sterreichs dar.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16608" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Tektonisch gehö ren die Karnischen Alpen und der sü dliche Teil der Karawanken zum Sü dalpin. Gegen Norden wird dieses durch die Periadriatische-Stö rung begrenzt. Sie verlä uft im Gailtal nö rdlich der Karnischen Alpen und quert die Karawanken in Ost– West-Richtung. Der nö rdliche Teil der Karawanken mit dem Hochobir (2139 m) gehö rt damit zum Ostalpin.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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