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< ul > < li class = "selected" > < a href = "landschaften.html" class = "selected" > Landschaften< / a > < ul class = "scndLevel clearfix" > < li > < a href = "landschaften/boehmische-masse.html" > Bö hmische Masse< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/alpenvorland.html" > Alpenvorland< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/voralpen.html" > Voralpen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/noerdliche-kalkalpen.html" > Nö rdliche Kalkalpen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/zentrale-ostalpen.html" > Zentrale Ostalpen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/suedalpen.html" > Sü dalpen< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "grundlagen.html" > Grundlagen< / a > < ul class = "scndLevel clearfix" > < li > < a href = "grundlagen/plattentektonik.html" > Plattentektonik< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "grundlagen/gesteinskreislauf.html" > Gesteinskreislauf< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "grundlagen/fossilien.html" > Fossilien< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine.html" > Bausteine< / a > < ul class = "scndLevel clearfix" > < li > < a href = "bausteine/moldanubikum-moravikum.html" > Moldanubikum-Moravikum< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/helvetikum.html" > Helvetikum< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/subpennin.html" > Subpennin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/pennin.html" > Pennin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/ostalpin.html" > Ostalpin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/sudalpin.html" > Sü dalpin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/meliatikum.html" > Meliatikum< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/molasse.html" > Molasse< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte.html" > Entwicklungsgeschichte< / a > < ul class = "scndLevel clearfix" > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/pra-kambrium.html" > (Prä -)Kambrium< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/ordoviz-silur-devon.html" > Ordoviz, Silur, Devon< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/karbon.html" > Karbon< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/perm.html" > Perm< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/trias.html" > Trias< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/jura.html" > Jura< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/kreide.html" > Kreide< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/palaogen.html" > Palä ogen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/neogen.html" > Neogen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/quartar.html" > Quartä r< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "gebirgsbildung.html" > Gebirgsbildung< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "service.html" > Service< / a > < ul class = "scndLevel clearfix" > < li > < a href = "service/download.html" > Download< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "service/glossar.html" > Glossar< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < / ul >
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< ul > < li > < a href = "#" > Menü < / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "landschaften.html" class = "selected" > Landschaften< / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "landschaften/boehmische-masse.html" > Bö hmische Masse< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/alpenvorland.html" > Alpenvorland< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/voralpen.html" > Voralpen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/noerdliche-kalkalpen.html" > Nö rdliche Kalkalpen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "landschaften/zentrale-ostalpen.html" > Zentrale Ostalpen< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "landschaften/suedalpen.html" > Sü dalpen< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "grundlagen.html" > Grundlagen< / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "grundlagen/plattentektonik.html" > Plattentektonik< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "grundlagen/gesteinskreislauf.html" > Gesteinskreislauf< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "grundlagen/fossilien.html" > Fossilien< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine.html" > Bausteine< / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "bausteine/moldanubikum-moravikum.html" > Moldanubikum-Moravikum< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/helvetikum.html" > Helvetikum< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/subpennin.html" > Subpennin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/pennin.html" > Pennin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/ostalpin.html" > Ostalpin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/sudalpin.html" > Sü dalpin< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "bausteine/meliatikum.html" > Meliatikum< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "bausteine/molasse.html" > Molasse< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte.html" > Entwicklungsgeschichte< / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/pra-kambrium.html" > (Prä -)Kambrium< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/ordoviz-silur-devon.html" > Ordoviz, Silur, Devon< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/karbon.html" > Karbon< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/perm.html" > Perm< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/trias.html" > Trias< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/jura.html" > Jura< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/kreide.html" > Kreide< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/palaogen.html" > Palä ogen< / a > < / li > < li > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/neogen.html" > Neogen< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "entwicklungsgeschichte/quartar.html" > Quartä r< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < li > < a href = "gebirgsbildung.html" > Gebirgsbildung< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "service.html" > Service< / a > < ul > < li > < a href = "service/download.html" > Download< / a > < / li > < li class = "last" > < a href = "service/glossar.html" > Glossar< / a > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < / ul > < / li > < / ul >
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< div id = "c7378" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-center ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "1" data-ce-images = "1" > < div class = "ce-outer" > < div class = "ce-inner" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Panoramablick" alt = "Landschaft" src = "../fileadmin/_processed_/1/e/csm_BM-Kalkalp_49deda58cd.jpg" width = "212" height = "160" loading = "lazy" > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
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Blick vom Mü hlviertel (OÖ ) nach Sü den ü ber das Alpenvorland, zu den Voralpen und den Nö rdlichen Kalkalpen. © Geosphere Austria
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< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h2 > Geografische Koordinaten< / h2 > < p > Im Herzen Mitteleuropas gelegen bedeckt unser Land eine Flä che von 83.879 km2. Das Staatsgebiet erstreckt sich zwischen Bodensee und Neusiedler See ü ber eine Lä nge von rund 550 km, in Nord – Sü d-Richtung erreicht es bis zu 300 km.
< / p > < p > Ö sterreich vereinigt drei vö llig unterschiedliche Landschaftstypen: Im Norden des Landes ist die Mittelgebirgslandschaft des Wald- und Mü hlviertels durch Hochflä chen und sanfte Hü gel charakterisiert. Sü dlich und ö stlich davon liegen Beckenlandschaften und weite Talfluren, die von der Donau und ihren Zuflü ssen entwä ssert werden. Der grö ß te Teil Ö sterreichs aber wird von den gebirgigen Ostalpen mit dem Groß glockner als hö chstem Berg (3798 m) eingenommen.
< / p > < p > Ö sterreich wird wesentlich durch seine Lage in und an den Alpen bestimmt. Aus geologischer Sicht treffen hier zwei Welten aufeinander, denn die Alpen stellen – vereinfacht ausgedrü ckt – die Knautschzone zwischen Afrika und Europa dar.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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Ö sterreichs Landschaften
< / span > < / h1 > < h2 class = "" >
Berge, Tä ler, Ebenen
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< div id = "c12321" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-image frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-custom-5 frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "1" data-ce-images = "1" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/01_OEsterreichs_Landschaften/glockner_hochtor.jpg" title = "Die Großglockner Hochalpenstraße beim Fuscher Törl (S) ermöglicht einen Einblick in die Geologie der Hohen Tauern. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Die Großglockner Hochalpenstraße beim Fuscher Törl (S) ermöglicht einen Einblick in die Geologie der Hohen Tauern. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-12321" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Großglockner Hochalpenstraße" alt = "Alpenstraße" src = "../fileadmin/_processed_/8/3/csm_glockner_hochtor_facc41c2ec.jpg" width = "600" height = "452" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Die Groß glockner Hochalpenstraß e beim Fuscher Tö rl (S) ermö glicht einen Einblick in die Geologie der Hohen Tauern. © Geosphere Austria
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< div id = "c11943" class = "frame frame-custom-100 frame-type-image frame-layout-1 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "2" data-ce-images = "2" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../fileadmin/_processed_/7/b/csm_grein_36b3271249.jpg" title = "Grein (OÖ) im Strudengau liegt im tief eingeschnittenen Tal der Donau am Südrand der Böhmischen Masse. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Grein (OÖ) im Strudengau liegt im tief eingeschnittenen Tal der Donau am Südrand der Böhmischen Masse. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11943" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Strudengau" alt = "Flusslandschaft" src = "../fileadmin/_processed_/7/b/csm_grein_e6b3ecbc4c.jpg" width = "295" height = "111" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Grein (OÖ ) im Strudengau liegt im tief eingeschnittenen Tal der Donau am Sü drand der Bö hmischen Masse. © Geosphere Austria
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< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../fileadmin/_processed_/3/0/csm_innauen_02406a9fcf.jpg" title = "Im Sonderschutzgebiet Mieminger - Rietzer Innauen bei Telfs (T) ist einer der letzten weitgehend unberührten Auwälder am Inn. © Monika Brüggemann-Ledolter" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Im Sonderschutzgebiet Mieminger - Rietzer Innauen bei Telfs (T) ist einer der letzten weitgehend unberührten Auwälder am Inn. © Monika Brüggemann-Ledolter" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11943" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Innauen" alt = "Aulandschaft" src = "../fileadmin/_processed_/3/0/csm_innauen_a1b67c2783.jpg" width = "295" height = "111" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Im Sonderschutzgebiet Mieminger - Rietzer Innauen bei Telfs (T) ist einer der letzten weitgehend unberü hrten Auwä lder am Inn. © Monika Brü ggemann-Ledolter
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< div id = "c7380" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Die Bauelemente der ö sterreichischen Landschaft sind die Alpen und ihr Vorland, das aus Ebenen und Mittelgebirgen besteht. Landschaft und Geologie haben eine innige, wenngleich auch komplexe Beziehung. So wirken sich die Gesteine und der Verlauf von tektonischen Grenzflä chen (z.B. Stö rungen oder Ü berschiebungen) meist unmittelbar auf das Landschaftsbild aus.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16580" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Weiche, leicht erodierbare Gesteine neigen eher zur Ausbildung sanfter Gelä ndeformen, wä hrend schroffe Bergformen und steile Felsklippen in der Regel an sprö de und harte Gesteinsarten gebunden sind. Bei rascher Erosion, z.B. in Gebieten mit hä ufigen Starkniederschlä gen und groß en Hö henunterschieden, kö nnen sich aber auch in weichem Gesteinsuntergrund bizarre Gelä ndeformen entwickeln wie Schluchten oder senkrechte Abbrü che, z.B. an den Prallhä ngen von Flü ssen. Umgekehrt kö nnen sich in hartem Gesteinsuntergrund bei passenden klimatischen Bedingungen und geringen Hö hendifferenzen flachwellige, sanfthü gelige Landschaften ausformen.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16581" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > An tektonischen Grenzflä chen kommen hä ufig sehr unterschiedliche Gesteinstypen nebeneinander zu liegen, mit entsprechend auffallenden Auswirkungen auf das Landschaftsbild. Weisen aber die an der Bewegungsflä che aneinandergrenzenden Gesteine zufä llig ä hnliche Verwitterungseigenschaften auf, kann es vorkommen, dass auch bedeutende tektonische Grenzen im Gelä nde kaum erkennbar sind.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16582" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Im Alpenraum haben sich auch die extremen Klimaschwankungen der Eiszeiten, vor allem durch die erosive Kraft der groß en Gletschereisströ me, landschaftsformend ausgewirkt. Neben geologischen Faktoren wie der Gesteinsbeschaffenheit, tektonischen Grenzflä chen, Hebungen und Senkungen der Landoberflä che und dem < a href = "service/glossar/glossar-p.html#c12866" title = "Im neuen Fenster: Glossar" target = "_blank" class = "internal-link" > < span class = "link-prefix" > » < / span > (Palä o)klima< / a > tragen auch Faktoren wie die Vegetation und die Eingriffe des Menschen zur Prä gung der Landschaft bei.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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