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Die geologische Zeitskala, auch stratigraphische Tabelle, zeigt die Abfolge der Perioden und Epochen in der Geschichte der Erde. © Geosphere Austria
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(Prä -)Kambrium
< / span > < / h1 > < h2 > Proterozoikum – Palä ozoikum < / h2 > < / div >
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< div id = "c11694" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-image frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-custom-5 frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "1" data-ce-images = "1" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/01_Prae-Kambrium/welt_spaetes_kambrium.jpg" title = "Im späten Kambrium (ca. 490 Millionen Jahre) lagen Teile Österreichs nahe dem Südpol im Norden Gondwanas. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Im späten Kambrium (ca. 490 Millionen Jahre) lagen Teile Österreichs nahe dem Südpol im Norden Gondwanas. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11694" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Erde im späten Kambrium" alt = "Paläoglobus" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/3/8/csm_welt_spaetes_kambrium_58acb1b505.jpg" width = "600" height = "452" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Im spä ten Kambrium (ca. 490 Millionen Jahre) lagen Teile Ö sterreichs nahe dem Sü dpol im Norden Gondwanas. © Geosphere Austria
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< div id = "c11693" class = "frame frame-custom-100 frame-type-image frame-layout-1 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-image ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-gallery" data-ce-columns = "4" data-ce-images = "4" > < div class = "ce-row" > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/01_Prae-Kambrium/therasburger_gneis.png" title = "Therasburg-Gneis, ein dunkler Orthogneis mit deutlichen Deformationen und plattigem Bruch, im Moravikum (NÖ). © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Therasburg-Gneis, ein dunkler Orthogneis mit deutlichen Deformationen und plattigem Bruch, im Moravikum (NÖ). © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11693" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Therasburg-Gneis" alt = "Felswand" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/4/0/csm_therasburger_gneis_4d35d44a70.png" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Therasburg-Gneis, ein dunkler Orthogneis mit deutlichen Deformationen und plattigem Bruch, im Moravikum (NÖ ). © Geosphere Austria
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/01_Prae-Kambrium/bittescher_gneis.jpg" title = "Bittesch-Gneis, ein deformierter Orthogneis im Moravikum (NÖ). Einzelne Zirkone dieses Gesteins sind bis zu 2,5 Milliarden Jahre alt. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Bittesch-Gneis, ein deformierter Orthogneis im Moravikum (NÖ). Einzelne Zirkone dieses Gesteins sind bis zu 2,5 Milliarden Jahre alt. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11693" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Bittesch-Gneis" alt = "Felswand" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/e/c/csm_bittescher_gneis_cf39b59154.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Bittesch-Gneis, ein deformierter Orthogneis im Moravikum (NÖ ). Einzelne Zirkone dieses Gesteins sind bis zu 2,5 Milliarden Jahre alt. © Geosphere Austria
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/01_Prae-Kambrium/dobra_gneis.jpg" title = "Dobra-Gneis (1,38 Milliarden Jahre) aus dem Moldanubikum (NÖ) – das älteste Gestein Österreichs. © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Dobra-Gneis (1,38 Milliarden Jahre) aus dem Moldanubikum (NÖ) – das älteste Gestein Österreichs. © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11693" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Dobra-Gneis" alt = "Gesteinsblöcke" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/b/7/csm_dobra_gneis_ebc06b3959.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Dobra-Gneis (1,38 Milliarden Jahre) aus dem Moldanubikum (NÖ ) – das ä lteste Gestein Ö sterreichs. © Geosphere Austria
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < div class = "ce-column" > < figure class = "image" > < a href = "../../fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/Rocky_Austria/04_Entwicklungsgeschichte/01_Prae-Kambrium/maissauer_granit.jpg" title = "Eggenburg-Granit (610 Millionen Jahre) aus dem Moravikum (NÖ) mit rosa Alkalifeldspat und grünlich-schwarzem Biotit (NÖ) (Bildbreite: 7 cm). © Geosphere Austria" rel = "lightbox[lb{field:uid}]" class = "jnlightbox" data-caption = "Eggenburg-Granit (610 Millionen Jahre) aus dem Moravikum (NÖ) mit rosa Alkalifeldspat und grünlich-schwarzem Biotit (NÖ) (Bildbreite: 7 cm). © Geosphere Austria" data-lightbox = "lightbox-11693" > < img class = "image-embed-item" title = "Eggenburg-Granit" alt = "Gestein" src = "../../fileadmin/_processed_/9/8/csm_maissauer_granit_cd699f161c.jpg" width = "142" height = "106" loading = "lazy" > < / a > < figcaption class = "image-caption" >
Eggenburg-Granit (610 Millionen Jahre) aus dem Moravikum (NÖ ) mit rosa Alkalifeldspat und grü nlich-schwarzem Biotit (NÖ ) (Bildbreite: 7 cm). © Geosphere Austria
2025-02-12 13:28:47 +01:00
< / figcaption > < / figure > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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< div id = "c11691" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h3 > Schemenhafte Bilder der Vergangenheit< / h3 > < p > Die kontinentale Kruste, die Ö sterreich aufbaut, hat ihr heutiges Erscheinungsbild zum grö ß ten Teil erst in den letzten 540 Millionen Jahren erhalten, im Phanerozoikum.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16683" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Aus der Frü hzeit der Erde ist nur wenig Handfestes ü berliefert: Die ä ltesten Spuren sind Kerne winziger Zirkonkristalle. Diese „ Methusalems“ kristallisierten vor mehr als drei Milliarden Jahren in Graniten. Sie erlebten mehrere Zyklen von Kristallisation und Abtragung, die heute nicht mehr im Detail nachzuvollziehen sind. Das ä lteste Gestein Ö sterreichs ist der 1,38 Milliarden Jahre alte Dobra-Gneis aus dem Moldanubikum im Waldviertel. Auch zahlreiche Paragneise, Glimmerschiefer und Phyllite wurden zwischen 900 und 500 Millionen Jahren vor heute als Sande und Tone in verschiedenen Meeresbecken abgelagert; genauere Datierungen sind aber derzeit nicht mö glich.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c11696" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < h3 > Konturen durch Granite und Fossilien< / h3 > < p > Ab etwa 650 Millionen Jahren vor heute, im jü ngsten Prä kambrium, beginnen sich die Umrisse der Vergangenheit klarer abzuzeichnen. Damals wurden die kontinentalen Krustenstü cke des heutigen Mitteleuropa – und damit auch jene der Bö hmischen Masse (Moldanubikum und Moravikum) und der Alpen (Ostalpin, Sü dalpin, Subpenninikum) – wä hrend des so genannten Cadomischen Ereignisses an den Rand des damaligen groß en Sü dkontinents Gondwana angegliedert. Dieser umfasste groß e Teile des heutigen Afrika, Sü damerika, Indien, Australien und die Antarktis. Die oben genannten Teile lagen schon damals nahe dem heutigen Nordteil von Afrika. Durch plattentektonische Prozesse kam es dort zur Ö ffnung und Schließ ung kleinrä umiger ozeanischer Becken und zu magmatischer Aktivitä t. Ü berliefert ist etwa der Maissauer Granit (570 Millionen Jahre alt) aus dem Moravikum im ö stlichsten Teil der Bö hmischen Masse.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16684" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-10" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Am Beginn des Kambrium vor etwa 540 Millionen Jahren entwickelten sich die ersten Lebewesen mit erhaltungsfä higen Schalen und Skeletten. Daher liegen ab diesem Zeitpunkt weltweit zahlreiche Fossilien vor, welche die Entwicklung des Lebens dokumentieren. Zwar sind in Ö sterreich aus dieser Frü hzeit keine Fossilien bekannt, doch in unseren Nachbarlä ndern treten sie in Sedimenten auf, die typisch fü r tropische Breiten sind: rote Wü stensedimente, Riffkalke, Dolomite, Gips. Demnach ist es naheliegend, dass sich auch die Krustenstü cke des heutigen Ö sterreich damals nahe am Ä quator befunden haben.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
< div id = "c16685" class = "frame frame-default frame-type-textpic frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard" > < div class = "ce-textpic ce-left ce-above" > < div class = "ce-bodytext" > < p > Im Laufe des Kambrium bewegte sich dieser Teil Gondwanas gegen Sü den und der Sü dpol lag schließ lich im heutigen nö rdlichen Afrika. Etwa an der Wende vom Kambrium zum Ordovizium (vor ca. 490 Millionen Jahren) lö sten sich kleinere Krustenfragmente vom Rand Gondwanas ab und drifteten als selbstä ndige Mikrokontinente gegen Norden. Zu diesen Elementen gehö rt auch das Krustenstü ck, aus dem das heutige Moravikum entstanden ist. Dazwischen ö ffnete sich der Rheische Ozean.< / p > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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