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Detail aus dem Glasmosaik &bdquo;Reichtum Erde&ldquo; von Christian Ludwig Attersee im Foyer der Geologischen Bundesanstalt. &copy; Geosphere Austria
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</figcaption></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ce-bodytext"><h2>Geologie kurz und bunt</h2><p>Die Fragen nach der Entstehung des Bodens unter unseren F&uuml;&szlig;en, also nach Art, Herkunft und Alter der Gesteine und der Geschichte der Formung der Landschaft, z&auml;hlen seit jeher zu den nat&uuml;rlichen Grundfragen des Menschen.
</p><p>Antworten werden auf mythologischer, philosophischer und theologischer Ebene zu geben versucht. Rocky Austria stellt die geologische Entwicklung unseres Landes, basierend auf naturwissenschaftlichen Daten, dar. Deren Erforschung war und ist h&auml;ufig von praktischen Interessen motiviert, wie der Suche nach nutzbaren Vorkommen von mineralischen Rohstoffen oder der Versorgung mit sauberem Trinkwasser. Aber auch ein kulturelles Bed&uuml;rfnis vieler ist damit verbunden: Herkunft und Werden der Gesteine und Landschaften sollen auf aktuellem wissenschaftlichem Kenntnisstand verst&auml;ndlich erl&auml;utert werden!</p></div></div></div></div>
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<div id="c12428" class="frame frame-default frame-type-header frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h1 class="element-header "><span>
Glossar
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Begriffe von A - Z
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<div id="c12896" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><table style="BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #dddddd" class="contenttable"><tbody><tr><td><a href="../glossar.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe A" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>A</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-b.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe B" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>B</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-c.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe C" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>C</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-d.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe D" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>D</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-e.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe E" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>E</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-f.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe F" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>F</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-g.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe G" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>G</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-h.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe H" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>H</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-i.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe I" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>I</b></a></td><td><b>K</b></td><td><a href="glossar-l.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe L" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>L</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #dddddd; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #dddddd" class="contenttable"><tbody><tr><td><a href="glossar-m.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe M" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>M</b></a></td><td><a href="glossar-n.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe N" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>N</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-o.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe O" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>O</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-p.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe P" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>P</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-q.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe Q" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>Q</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-r.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe R" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>R</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-s.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe S" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>S</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-t.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe T" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>T</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-u.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe U" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>U</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-v.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe V" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>V</b></a></td><td rowspan="1"><a href="glossar-z.html" title="Im selben Fenster: Glossar Buchstabe Z" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span><b>Z</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div id="c12426" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kaledonische Gebirgsbildung:</h3><p>Entstehung der fr&uuml;hpal&auml;ozoischen Gebirge Nordeuropas, benannt nach dem lateinisch-keltischen Namen f&uuml;r Schottland (&bdquo;Caledonia&ldquo;).</p></div>
<div id="c12623" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kalk(stein):</h3><p><a href="glossar-k.html#c12629" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Karbonatisches</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a> bzw. <a href="glossar-s.html#c12724" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sedimentgestein</a>, welches &uuml;berwiegend aus <a href="glossar-k.html#c12756" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kalzit</a> besteht.</p></div>
<div id="c12624" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kalkglimmerschiefer:</h3><p><a href="glossar-m.html#c12663" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Metamorpher</a><a href="glossar-g.html#c12607" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>glimmerreicher</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12717" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schiefer</a> mit <a href="glossar-t.html#c12743" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>tonig</a>-<a href="glossar-s.html#c12474" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>sandig</a>-<a href="glossar-k.html#c12623" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>kalkigem</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a> als Ausgangsmaterial.</p></div>
<div id="c12625" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kalkschiefer:</h3><p><a href="glossar-m.html#c12663" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Metamorpher</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12717" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schiefer</a>, der als Hauptbestandteil <a href="glossar-k.html#c12756" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kalzit</a> enth&auml;lt und aus <a href="glossar-k.html#c12623" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>kalkig</a>-<a href="glossar-t.html#c12743" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>tonigem</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a> hervorgegangen ist.</p></div>
<div id="c12626" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>K&auml;ltesteppe:</h3><p>Baumlose Landschaft mit verbreitet Dauerfrostboden (Synonym f&uuml;r Tundra).</p></div>
<div id="c12756" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kalzit:</h3><p><a href="glossar-m.html#c12666" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Mineral</a>name f&uuml;r Kalziumkarbonat (CaCO<sub>3</sub>); h&auml;ufig <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>gesteins</a>bildend.</p></div>
<div id="c12627" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kaolin:</h3><p>Haupts&auml;chlich aus Kaolinit (Aluminiumhydro<a href="glossar-s.html#c12729" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>silikat</a>) aufgebauter, wei&szlig;licher <a href="glossar-t.html#c12743" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Ton</a>; Rohstoff f&uuml;r die Keramik- und Papierindustrie.</p></div>
<div id="c12628" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kar:</h3><p>Durch <a href="glossar-g.html#c12606" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>glaziale</a><a href="glossar-e.html#c12585" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Erosion</a> entstandene halbrunde Hohlform in Bergflanken.</p></div>
<div id="c13228" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Karbon:</h3><p>Abschnitt im Erdalterum (Pal&auml;ozoikum) basierend auf den zahlreichen Steinkohlelagerst&auml;tten aus dieser Periode (fr&uuml;her auch Steinkohlezeit).</p></div>
<div id="c12629" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Karbonat:</h3><p>Salz der Kohlens&auml;ure; <a href="glossar-g.html#c12601" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>geologisch</a> bedeutend sind die beiden <a href="glossar-g.html#c12604" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>gesteinsbildenden</a> Karbonat-<a href="glossar-m.html#c12666" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Minerale</a><a href="glossar-k.html#c12756" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kalzit</a> und <a href="glossar-d.html#c12574" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Dolomit</a>.</p></div>
<div id="c12630" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Karst:</h3><p>Unter- und oberirdische Gel&auml;ndeformen in <a href="glossar-k.html#c12629" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Karbonatgesteinen</a> (zum Teil auch in Sulfat- und Salz<a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>gesteinen</a>), die vorwiegend durch Kohlens&auml;ure<a href="glossar-v.html#c12752" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>verwitterung</a> (oder L&ouml;sungs<a href="glossar-v.html#c12752" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>verwitterung</a>) sowie Ausf&auml;llung von <a href="glossar-k.html#c12623" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kalksteinen</a> und &auml;hnlichen <a href="glossar-s.html#c12724" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sedimentgesteinen</a> mit hohen Gehalten an <a href="glossar-k.html#c12756" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kalzit</a> entstanden sind.
</p><p>Hauptmerkmal ist der &uuml;berwiegend unterirdische Wasserhaushalt, der nicht auf einer prim&auml;ren Porosit&auml;t des <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteins</a> beruht, sondern vielmehr sekund&auml;r durch den in <a href="glossar-g.html#c12601" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>geologischen</a> Zeitr&auml;umen stattfindenden Prozess der Verkarstung (d.h. Korrosion) bedingt ist.</p></div>
<div id="c12631" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kies:</h3><p>Grobk&ouml;rniges (K&ouml;rnung zwischen 2 und 63 mm) <a href="glossar-k.html#c12757" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>klastisches</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a> mit &uuml;berwiegend gerundeten Komponenten (<a href="glossar-s.html#c12721" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schotter</a>).</p></div>
<div id="c12632" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kieselig:</h3><p>Reich an <a href="glossar-q.html#c12462" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Quarz</a>.</p></div>
<div id="c12633" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kieseliger Schiefer:</h3><p><a href="glossar-s.html#c12724" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sedimentgestein</a> aus <a href="glossar-t.html#c12743" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Ton</a> und einem hohen Anteil an feinstk&ouml;rnigem <a href="glossar-q.html#c12462" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Quarz</a>, der aus Skeletten von <a href="glossar-r.html#c12767" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Radiolarien</a> (<a href="glossar-r.html#c12468" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Radiolarit</a>) stammt.</p></div>
<div id="c12634" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kiesels&auml;uren:</h3><p>Sauerstoffs&auml;uren des Siliziums. Als Summenformel wird h&auml;ufi g SiO<sub>2</sub> &sdot; n H<sub>2</sub>O angegeben; das Wasser ist bei Kiesels&auml;uren jedoch kein <a href="glossar-k.html#c12645" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kristall</a>wasser, sondern kann nur durch eine chemische Reaktion abgespalten werden. Formales Endprodukt der Wasserabspaltung ist Siliziumdioxid (SiO2; <a href="glossar-q.html#c12462" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Quarz</a>). Die Salze der Kiesels&auml;uren nennt man <a href="glossar-s.html#c12729" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Silikate</a>; kiesels&auml;urereiche <a href="glossar-m.html#c12655" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>magmatische Gesteine</a> werden als &bdquo;sauer&ldquo; bezeichnet (<a href="glossar-s.html#c12712" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>saures Gestein</a>), kiesels&auml;urearme als &bdquo;basisch&ldquo; (<a href="glossar-b.html#c12563" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>basisches Gestein</a>).</p></div>
<div id="c12757" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Klastisch:</h3><p>Bezeichnung f&uuml;r aus festen Bruchst&uuml;cken bestehendes <a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a> oder <a href="glossar-s.html#c12724" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sedimentgestein</a>, welches durch mechanische <a href="glossar-v.html#c12752" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Verwitterung</a> von <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteinen</a> und deren nachfolgenden Transport entstanden ist.</p></div>
<div id="c13234" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Klimaarchive:</h3><p>In Moor- und Seeablagerungen finden sich meist reichlich <a href="glossar-f.html#c12595" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>fossile</a> Pollen und Sporen, die zur Rekonstruktion der fr&uuml;heren Pflanzengemeinschaften &ndash; und damit indirekt des Klimas &ndash; verwendet werden.</p></div>
<div id="c12635" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Klippe:</h3><p>Relativ kleiner Teil einer <a href="glossar-d.html#c12390" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Decke</a>, der durch <a href="glossar-e.html#c12585" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Erosion</a> vom Hauptk&ouml;rper abgetrennt ist.</p></div>
<div id="c12636" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kluft:</h3><p>Ebener Bruch oder Riss in einem <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gestein</a> ohne seitliche Versetzung, entstanden durch diagenetische (<a href="glossar-d.html#c12572" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Diagenese</a>) Prozesse, tektonische (<a href="glossar-t.html#c12737" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Tektonik</a>) Beanspruchung oder Abk&uuml;hlung. Die Gr&ouml;&szlig;enordnung einer ge&ouml;ffneten Kluft liegt im Bereich von wenigen Millimetern Weite bis zu einer Erstreckung von mehreren Metern.</p></div>
<div id="c12637" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kluftk&ouml;rper:</h3><p><a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteins</a>k&ouml;rper, der allseitig von <a href="glossar-k.html#c12636" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kl&uuml;ften</a> begrenzt wird.</p></div>
<div id="c12638" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kohlenwasserstoffe:</h3><p>Chemische Verbindungen aus Kohlenstoff und Wasserstoff; <a href="glossar-g.html#c12601" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>geologisch</a> und wirtschaftlich bedeutend sind sie als Hauptbestandteile von Erd&ouml;l- und Erdgaslagerst&auml;tten, gebildet im Laufe von Jahrmillionen aus organischem Material unter reduzierenden Bedingungen in einer Tiefe zwischen 2 000 und 6 000 m.</p></div>
<div id="c12639" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Konglomerat:</h3><p><a href="glossar-k.html#c12757" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Klastisches</a><a href="glossar-s.html#c12724" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sedimentgestein</a> mit mindestens 50 % gerundeten Komponenten (K&ouml;rnung gr&ouml;&szlig;er 2 mm); verfestigter <a href="glossar-k.html#c12631" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kies</a>.</p></div>
<div id="c12640" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Konkordanz:</h3><p>Ungest&ouml;rte und gleichlaufende (konkordante) &Uuml;berlagerung von &auml;lteren durch j&uuml;ngere <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteins</a>schichten; Hinweis auf durchgehende Ablagerung (<a href="glossar-s.html#c12723" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Sediment</a>).</p></div>
<div id="c12641" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kontinentale Kruste:</h3><p>Jener Teil der <a href="glossar-e.html#c12583" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Erdkruste</a>, der aus relativ leichtem Material besteht, mit &uuml;berwiegend <a href="glossar-s.html#c12712" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>sauren Gesteinen</a> wie <a href="glossar-g.html#c12613" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Granit</a>, <a href="glossar-g.html#c12609" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gneis</a> und <a href="glossar-s.html#c12717" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schiefer</a> und in gr&ouml;&szlig;erer Tiefe auch <a href="glossar-b.html#c12563" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>basischen Gesteinen</a> wie <a href="glossar-d.html#c12573" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Diorit</a> und <a href="glossar-g.html#c12408" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gabbro</a>. Aus ihr sind die Kontinente mitsamt ihren <a href="glossar-s.html#c12713" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schelf</a>gebieten und dem <a href="glossar-k.html#c12642" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Kontinentalhang</a> aufgebaut.</p></div>
<div id="c12642" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kontinentalhang:</h3><p>Sub<a href="glossar-m.html#c12658" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>mariner</a> Hangbereich zwischen <a href="glossar-s.html#c12713" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Schelf</a> und <a href="glossar-t.html#c12741" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Tiefsee</a>.</p></div>
<div id="c12643" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Konvektionsstr&ouml;mungen:</h3><p>Sehr langsame Flie&szlig;bewegungen im <a href="glossar-e.html#c12584" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Erdmantel</a>, verursacht durch Temperatur und Dichteunterschiede, die durch den W&auml;rmefluss aus dem Erdinneren entstehen. Gelten als wesentliche Ursache der Bewegung der <a href="glossar-l.html#c12652" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Lithosph&auml;ren</a>platten (<a href="glossar-p.html#c12695" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Plattentektonik</a>).</p></div>
<div id="c12867" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kraton:</h3><p>Sehr alter Kernbereich eines Kontinents, der durch pal&auml;ozoische oder sp&auml;tere <a href="glossar-g.html#c12598" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gebirgsbildungen</a> nicht mehr verformt wurde.</p></div>
<div id="c12644" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-standard"><h3>Kristall:</h3><p>Festk&ouml;rper, dessen Atome oder Molek&uuml;le in einem dreidimensionalen Kristallgitter regelm&auml;&szlig;ig angeordnet sind.</p></div>
<div id="c12645" class="frame frame-default frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-standard frame-space-after-custom-180"><h3>Kristallin:</h3><p>Bezeichnung f&uuml;r <a href="glossar-k.html#c12644" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>kristall</a>isiertes Material, in der <a href="glossar-g.html#c12601" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Geologie</a> f&uuml;r <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteine</a> und <a href="glossar-m.html#c12666" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Minerale</a>; <a href="glossar-m.html#c12655" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>magmatische</a><a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteine</a><a href="glossar-k.html#c12644" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>kristall</a>isieren aus einer <a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteins</a>schmelze (<a href="glossar-m.html#c12438" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Magma</a>), w&auml;hrend <a href="glossar-m.html#c12663" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>metamorphe</a><a href="glossar-g.html#c12603" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Gesteine</a> in festem Zustand neu <a href="glossar-k.html#c12644" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>kristall</a>isieren (<a href="glossar-m.html#c12663" title="Opens internal link in current window" class="internal-link"><span class="link-prefix">&raquo;&nbsp;</span>Metamorphose</a>).</p></div>
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